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Nanofibrous materials in bone tissue engineering
Zajdlová, Martina ; Bačáková, Lucie (advisor) ; Míčová, Petra (referee)
This thesis focuses on nanofibrous materials which are highly promising regarding they application in a modern interdisciplinary scientific field - tissue engineering. Through the years there have been developed various strategies for creating materials usable in tissue engineering. The earliest materials that were made did not allow any cell adhesion on their surfaces (so-called "bioinert" materials), whereas nowadays there is an effort to create hybrid bioartificial organs. Especially in bone tissue engineering do polymeric materials in the form of a nanofibrous network, such as polylactide or polycaprolactone with the addition of inorganic particles (for example nanocrystalic hydroxyapatite), show great potential. Such materials mimic the natural bone tissue and stimulate the adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of cells into desirable a cell type. In the experimental part of this thesis one of these promising nanomaterials was tested for its biocompatibility in vitro. Polylactide in the form of nanofibrous networks with 0, 5 and 15 % of nanocrystallic hydroxyapatite was provided by Elmarco s.r.o, Liberec. Human osteoblast-like cells MG 63 were cultivated on these materials for 1, 3 and 7 days. The results show the convenience of hydroxyapatite particles which stimulate the cells to the...
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Growth of human osteoblasts SaOS2 on titanium modified with nanotubes.
Krýslová, Markéta ; Filová, Elena (advisor) ; Melkes, Barbora (referee)
This work summarizes information about the interactions between osteoblasts and nanostructured materials, which are of growing importance and are highly promising in regard to their application in medicine and in tissue engineering. The number of people with artificial replacements of tissues, such as bones, joints, teeth, cartilage, and tendons increases every year. Titanium and his alloys are extensively used for artificial tissue replacements. Titanium is favourable for its mechanical properties that allow the implant to remain in the place of implantation more than thirty years. For better osseointegration the surface of titanium can be modified with hydroxyapatite, coating with diamond-like carbon or plasma spray coating. Another option is to prepare a layer of nanotubes, which forms nanoroughness on material surface. The nanoroughness in turn improves physical and chemical properties of the material surface. Nanostructured materials mimic the natural bone tissue, support adsorption of specific proteins, improve the biocompatibility of the implants and positively influence cell behaviour, e.g. stimulate the synthesis and suitable conformation of specific molecules for cell adhesion and differentiation.
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Natural biomaterials and mesenchymal stem cells in regeneration of spinal cord injury
Kekulová, Kristýna ; Kubinová, Šárka (advisor) ; Krulová, Magdaléna (referee) ; Filová, Elena (referee)
Spinal cord injury is a serious trauma and despite intensive research there is still no effective treatment for patients. The aim of this thesis is to study new possibilities of spinal cord injury therapy in animal models. We have focused on the use of natural materials, stem cells, gene therapy and the possibility of combining these approaches. The effect of extracellular matrix (ECM) based materials prepared by decellularization of porcine spinal cord and porcine urinary bladder on tissue regeneration after acute hemisection of the spinal cord was investigated. Another tested material was a hydrogel based on hyaluronic acid modified with RGD adhesion peptide, which was applied acutely and subacutely into the hemisection lesion. We have shown that both types of biomaterials have positive effect on regeneration of the spinal cord tissue by bridging the lesion and promotion of axonal ingrowth. In addition, ECM hydrogels promote the growth of blood vessels into the lesion site. The combination of hydrogels with mesenchymal stem cells derived from human umbilical cord (hWJ-MSCs) had synergistic effect, but since only a limited number of cells could be incorporated into hydrogels, this effect was not associated with improvement in motor skills. The limitation of ECM hydrogels is their rapid...
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Growth of human osteoblasts SaOS2 on titanium modified with nanotubes.
Krýslová, Markéta ; Filová, Elena (advisor) ; Melkes, Barbora (referee)
This work summarizes information about the interactions between osteoblasts and nanostructured materials, which are of growing importance and are highly promising in regard to their application in medicine and in tissue engineering. The number of people with artificial replacements of tissues, such as bones, joints, teeth, cartilage, and tendons increases every year. Titanium and his alloys are extensively used for artificial tissue replacements. Titanium is favourable for its mechanical properties that allow the implant to remain in the place of implantation more than thirty years. For better osseointegration the surface of titanium can be modified with hydroxyapatite, coating with diamond-like carbon or plasma spray coating. Another option is to prepare a layer of nanotubes, which forms nanoroughness on material surface. The nanoroughness in turn improves physical and chemical properties of the material surface. Nanostructured materials mimic the natural bone tissue, support adsorption of specific proteins, improve the biocompatibility of the implants and positively influence cell behaviour, e.g. stimulate the synthesis and suitable conformation of specific molecules for cell adhesion and differentiation.
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Nanofibrous materials in bone tissue engineering
Zajdlová, Martina ; Bačáková, Lucie (advisor) ; Míčová, Petra (referee)
This thesis focuses on nanofibrous materials which are highly promising regarding they application in a modern interdisciplinary scientific field - tissue engineering. Through the years there have been developed various strategies for creating materials usable in tissue engineering. The earliest materials that were made did not allow any cell adhesion on their surfaces (so-called "bioinert" materials), whereas nowadays there is an effort to create hybrid bioartificial organs. Especially in bone tissue engineering do polymeric materials in the form of a nanofibrous network, such as polylactide or polycaprolactone with the addition of inorganic particles (for example nanocrystalic hydroxyapatite), show great potential. Such materials mimic the natural bone tissue and stimulate the adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of cells into desirable a cell type. In the experimental part of this thesis one of these promising nanomaterials was tested for its biocompatibility in vitro. Polylactide in the form of nanofibrous networks with 0, 5 and 15 % of nanocrystallic hydroxyapatite was provided by Elmarco s.r.o, Liberec. Human osteoblast-like cells MG 63 were cultivated on these materials for 1, 3 and 7 days. The results show the convenience of hydroxyapatite particles which stimulate the cells to the...
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